θύρ-δα ἔξω

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `door, doorleaf', mostly in plur. `gate' (Il.; cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 44).

Other forms: Ion. θύρη

Dialectal forms: Myc. opiturajo \/opithuraiōi\/ `door-keeper'

Compounds: Several compp., e. g. θυρᾰ-ωρός (Χ 69), θυρ-ωρός, - ουρός (Sapph.) `doorwaiter' (cf. on ὁράω and Schwyzer 438), as 2. member with thematic anlargement, e. g. πρό-θυρ-ον `place before the gatee, forecourt' (Il.).

Derivatives: Diminut.: θύριον (Att.) and θυρίδιον (Gp.), θυρίς f. `window(opening)' (IA) with θυριδεύς `window-frame' (Delos III^a; cf. the names in - εύς in Chantraine Formation 128), θυριδόω `provide with a window' (pap.) with θυριδωτός (inscr.). Further θυρεός m. `door-stone' (ι 240, 313), name of a long shield = Lat. scutum (hell.; on the formation Chantraine 51; also Schwyzer 468 and Hermann Sprachwiss. Komm. zu ι 240, but hardly with Bechtel Vocalcontr. 154 from the consonantstem in θύρ-δα) with θυρεόω `cover with a shield' (Aq.); θύρετρα pl. `door(-casing)' (ep.; Schwyzer 532, Chantraine 332) with θυρετρικός (Chios); θύρωμα, often in plur. - ώματα `doorway' (IA; not with Schwyzer 523 from θυρόω, cf. Chantraine 187); θυρών, - ῶνος m. `hall, antechamber' (S.). Adj. θυραῖος, Aeol. θύραος `belonging to the door, standing before the door, outside, foreign' (trag., hell.). Denomin. verb θυρόω `provide with doors' (Att.) wiht θύρωσις (Epid.), θυρωτός (Babr.). θυραυλέω `sleep before the door' from a compound with αὐλή. *θυράγματα ἀφοδεύματα H. (in wrong position), as from θυράζω.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [278] * dʰuer- `door'

Etymology: From θύρ-δα ἔξω. Άρκάδες H. and θύσθεν for *θύρ-σθεν = θύρα-θεν (Tegea; on the formation Schwyzer 628), perhaps also from θύραζε `out (of the door)' (if for *θύρᾰς δε; Schwyzer 625 w. n. 1) one reconstructs a consonant-stem, IE * dhur-, which is often attested in other languages: Germ., e. g. OHG turi = Tür (prop. plur.), from IE *dhúr-es; Balt., e. g. Lith. acc. pl. dur-ìs, gen. dùr-ų̃, Skt. acc. pl. dúr-aḥ (IE *dhúr-n̥s; on the anlaut. d- for dh- cf. Mayrhofer KEWA 2, 83). The consonant -stem is often replaced by innovations, notably by an i-stem in Lith. nom. pl. dùr-y-s, gen. dùr-i-ų̄, by an o-stem in Goth. daúr n. = NHG Tor etc., by an n-stem in Arm. dur-n, by an ā-stem as in θύραι, also in Arm. gen. dat. abl. pl. dr-a-c̣, instr. dr-a-w-k`. - Beside zero-grade * dhur- full-grade *dhu̯er-, *dhu̯or-, e. g. Skt. nom. pl. dvā́r-aḥ, acc. dúr-aḥ (s. above), which were often generalized as in Lat. for-ēs, Toch. B twere; with enlargements, e. g. Skt. dvā́r-a-m, OCS dvor-ъ `court', Lat. for-īs `outside', for-ās `(towards) outside'. A zero grade *dhu̯r̥- has been supposed in θαιρός `pivot of a door', but is doubtful (s. v.). - The thematic enlargement of πρό-θυρ-ον also e. g. in Skt. śatá-dur-a- `with hundred doors' (Sommer Nominalkomp. 131). - Details in Pok. 278f., W.-Hofmann s. foris, Ernout-Meillet s. forēs, Mayrhofer Wb. 2, 83f., Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. dùrys, Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. dverь. Cf. Benveniste, Institutions I 311ff.

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θύρ-αζε [pron. full] [ῠ], Adv., for θύρασδε,

A to the door, and so, out of doors,

ἐκ δὲ θ. ἔδραμον Il.18.29

, cf. 416, Od.15.62; δόμων ἐξῆγε θ. ib. 465.

2 generally, out, Il.5.694, Od.15.451, etc.; ἔκβασις.. ἁλὸς πολιοῖο θ. a way of getting out of the sea, 5.410; ἰχθὺν ἐκ πόντοιο θ. [ ἕλκειν] Il. 16.408, cf. 21.237;

ἐπὶ πρύμνῃσιν ἐείλεον οὐδὲ θ. εἴων ἐξιέναι 18.447

;

ἐξενεγκὼν θ. Ar.Ach. 359

;

ἐξέλκειν τινὰ θ. Id.Eq. 365

;

θ. ἐξιέναι Id.V. 70

; ἐκχεῖν θ. empty outside, Id.Fr. 306;

καρδίαν θ. ἔχειν E.Fr.1063.12

; τὰ θ. outside, opp. τὰ ἔνδον, Id.Or. 604; θ. ζῳοτοκεῖν or ᾠοτοκεῖν, Arist.GA 718b32, 719b19; ῥεῖ διὰ τῶ σώματος ἔξω θ. τὰ πνεύματα Ti. [dialect] Locr. 102a.

3 c. gen., θ. τῶν νόμων without the law, E.Ba. 331; θ. Ἀττικῶς, ἔξω Ἑλληνικῶς Moer.p.185 P.